Unemployment benefits in Spain have undergone a major reform. The Royal Decree-Law 2/2024, effective from November 1, 2024, simplified and reorganized existing aid programs. As of 2025, there are five main types of unemployment benefits, each tailored to different personal and professional situations. Below, we explain the requirements and how to apply.
What Are Unemployment Benefits?
Unemployment benefits are non-contributory financial aids aimed at unemployed individuals who either do not qualify for contributory benefits or have already exhausted them. To access these aids, you must be registered as a job seeker and have income below 75% of the Minimum Interprofessional Wage (SMI) — which is €888/month in 2025.
Amount and Duration of Unemployment Benefits
Following the reform, the amount varies according to the time elapsed since the benefit was granted:
- First 180 days: €570/month (95% of IPREM)
- Day 181 to Day 360: €540/month (90% of IPREM)
- From Day 361 onwards: €480/month (80% of IPREM)
This progressive structure aims to provide greater financial support during the initial stages of unemployment.
Types of Unemployment Benefits in 2025
1. Benefit for People Aged 52 and Over
Aimed at unemployed individuals aged 52+ who have contributed at least 15 years (including 6 years to unemployment insurance in the general scheme) and meet the requirements for ordinary retirement. This benefit continues until retirement age and includes pension contributions. Amount: €480/month.
2. Benefit for Exhaustion of Contributory Unemployment Benefit
For individuals who have exhausted contributory unemployment and have no income. This merges the former family allowance and over-45 benefits. Amount and duration depend on personal circumstances.
3. Benefit for Insufficient Contributions
For those who have worked and contributed between 3 and 6 months but do not reach the 360 days needed for contributory benefits. With family responsibilities: 3 months of contributions are enough; without them: at least 6 months.
4. Benefit for Returning Migrants
For Spanish nationals returning after working in non-EU/EEA countries or countries without a bilateral unemployment agreement. Must have worked at least 12 months in the last 6 years and be registered as a job seeker.
5. Benefit for Victims of Gender or Sexual Violence
For unemployed women officially recognized as victims of gender or sexual violence. Amount: €480/month. Initial duration: 6 months, renewable depending on circumstances.
How to Apply for Unemployment Benefits
Applications are processed through the Spanish Public Employment Service (SEPE):
- Register as a Job Seeker – Mandatory to be listed as a job seeker in SEPE.
- Gather Required Documentation – ID, employer certificates, proof of income, and documents proving family responsibilities or specific situations.
- Submit the Application – In person at SEPE offices (by appointment) or online via SEPE’s e-office.
Important: Comply with deadlines and keep your personal details updated to avoid delays or rejections.
Additional Considerations
- Compatibility with Employment – Since April 2025, you can combine unemployment benefits with part-time or full-time work as long as your income does not exceed 225% of IPREM (€1,350/month).
- Income Tax Return – Although initially required, the obligation to submit an income tax return was removed in March 2025, allowing beneficiaries to continue receiving aid without this requirement.
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